Oct 23, 2001 grade 304 is a standard 188 stainless. Stainless steel 316l ss316l is the extralow carbon version of ss316 that minimizes harmful carbide precipitation during welding. C hemical composition and mechanical properties 15 16 crbased 1 please consult us if you require these types of steel. Aisi 304 grade stainless steel uns s30400 aisi 304 stainless steel uns s30400 is the most commonly used material in stainless steels, and is usually purchased in an annealed or cold worked state. Abstract linear friction welding involves solid state joining of materials through the relative motion of two components under compressive forces. Dissimilar materials of carbon steel sa508gr3 and stainless steel type ss304 l are widely used in. Essentially nonmagnetic, becomes slightly magnetic when cold worked. Type 304h, with highercarbon content, is normally specified where good mechanical properties at elevated temperatures are required. Mechanical, physical and chemical properties of wood, heat. Differences between ss304 and ss316 stainless steel. Chemical composition, mechanical, physical and environmental. Study of mechanical properties on aa5052, ss304 and s553 sheet by incremental forming.
For severely corrosive environments or when welding is required, type 304l is preferred because of its greater immunity to. These items have chemical and mechanical properties complying with both 304 and 304l specifications. In its most basic form, chromium is added to ordinary steel in order to become corrosion resistant. Within the scope of the astm type 301 specification, chemical composition and processing modifications can result in a wide range of engineered material properties targeted at specific applications. Asme sa240m ss304 s30400 stainless steel plate is widely used in railway vehicle,conveyor belt, bolt,pitting corrosion resistant materials,heat exchanger, condenser and son in oil, natural gas, chemical industry. Stainless 316, 316l, 317, 317l united performance metals. Users guide contents 1 introduction 2 2 product range. These attributes make it a favorite for many mechanical switch components. Stainless steel 304 ss304 is the most basic stainless steel known as 188 grade with higher chromium and low carbon content. Fabrication operations and how the product is to be made is a thirdlevel consideration. Such dual certified product does not meet 304h specifications and may be unacceptable for high temperature applications. The molybdenum addition also provides increased strength at elevated temperatures.
There is a possibility that another steel would be a better choice, check with your steel supplier. Type 304 vs 316 ss304 vs ss316, difference between 304 and 316 stainless steel properties, strength, rockwell hardness, cost and price, corrosion. Type 304 has good processability, weldability, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, low. Microstructure and mechanical properties of pressurequenched ss304 stainless steel article pdf available in materials 122. Type 301 is used in the annealed and cold rolled conditions. Fe, kitchen equipment, as well as chemical, textile, paper, pharmaceutical and chemical industry processing equipment. They have excellent lowtemperature properties and respond well to hardening by cold working. Minimum mechanical properties for annealed types 302, 304, 304l, and 305 austenitic stainless steel plate, sheet and strip as required by astm specifications a 240 and asme specification sa240 are shown below. Grade 304l stainless steel for severely corrosive conditions. They apply to all wrought product forms including ingots and semifinished material. Kinney, engineering properties and applications of plastics, p. It has slightly lower mechanical properties than type 304. It can be welded without the risk of carbon precipitation. Mechanical properties of metal comparisons of ductility, stresses.
It has excellent forming and welding characteristics. We shall now discuss the physical and mechanical properties of the material in the following articles. Maintains excellent heat transfer properties in service 5. Type 301 is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless steel. Ss304 chemical composition epub download big bolt nut provides chemical composition of ss grade. Friction welding properties of ss304 with 16mncr5 2. This grade is commonly known as 188 stainless steel, as it contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel. The carefully controlled chemical composition of the 304 types ss enables.
The addition of molybdenum provides pitting resistance in phosphoric acid, acetic acid and dilute chloride solutions and provides corrosion resistance in sulfurous acid. Minimum mechanical properties for annealed types 316, 316l, 317 and 317l austenitic stainless steel plate, sheet and strip as required by astm specifications a240 and asme specification sa240, are shown below. Mechanical properties with particular emphasis on strength at room, elevated, or low temperature. Stainless steel 304lss304l is an extra lowcarbon variation of ss304 with a 0. Because ss 304 contains 18% chromium cr and 8% nickel ni, its also known as 188 stainless steel. The linear friction welding of stainless steel of ss304 to the low alloy steel of 16mncr5 to be. The enclosed documents are for information only and cannot replace reference to.
This property has resulted in 304 being the dominant grade used in applications like sinks and saucepans. Tapping screw mechanical properties are defined in part 4 of bs en iso 3506 through minimum vickers hardness values, as shown in table3. High ductility, excellent drawing, forming, and spinning properties. Room temperature tensile properties minimum mechanical properties for annealed alloys 316, 316l and 317l austenitic stainless steel as required by astm specifications astm a2 and asme specification sa2 are shown below. Table 3 mechanical properties for tapping screws bs en iso 3506 part 4. Mechanical properties of 304 grade stainless steel.
Heat treatment quenching, hardening, and other thermal modifications p. Stainless 302, 304, 304l, 305 united performance metals. Thomson,aiche design institute for physical property data. Ss 304304l pipe manufacturers, seamless pipewelded tube. When you compare stainless steel 304 vs 316, experts conclude 316 stainless steel has almost the same chemical composition as that of 304 stainless steels. Hightemperature resistance to oxidation and scaling 3. Generally speaking, the combination of corrosion resistance and strength is the basis for selection. It is the oxide layer on the surface which actually prevents the ss from rusting, and the oxide layer can be injured. The balanced austenitic structure of grade 304 enables it to be severely deep drawn without intermediate annealing. Type 321 stainless steel s also advantageous for high temperature service because of its good mechanical properties. Type 304 represents the largest volume followed by type 304l. To demonstrate the distinguishing mechanical properties of steel and ductile iron, large diameter samples were gathered, cut, and subjected to mechanical property testing.
Due to its high corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, extruflex has naturally chosen to use the stainless steel aisi 201 which is the most appropriate grade for industrial doors. Pdf mechanical characterization of sa508gr3 and ss304l. Pdf microstructure and mechanical properties of pressure. This inherent property, combined with the low level of interstitial elements elements which lack the dislocation chain, gives this material high ductility, low yield. Well known stainless steel grade, very close to the 201 grade but with lower mechanical properties. Metric din 94 split pins cotter pins aspen fasteners. For example, the ph of soil may vary from as low as 2. Stainless steel fasteners to bs en iso 3506 grades a1, a2. Chemical composition and mechanical properties table 5 plates sheets chemical composition % mech. No contamination of product or process by corrosion 7. This alloy is nonmagnetic in the annealed condition, but becomes magnetic when cold worked. Good strength characteristics in low and hightemperature service 4. It is common for 304 and 304l to be stocked in dual certified form, particularly in plate and pipe. Technical data sheet ss 304l ss 304l is an austenitic chromiumnickel stainless steel offering the optimum combination of corrosion resistance, strength, and ductility.
The role stainless steel in industrial heat exchangers. Both ss304 and ss304l have excellent resistance to a wide range of atmospheric, chemical and petrochemical, and food industry corrosions. Firstly, soil has a much wider range of chemical and physical properties. In these paper mechanical properties of ss 304, for example, quality, hardness, malleability, and grain structure, modulus of elasticity and haz were concentrated on and looked into. Carol stream, il 800 2325569 streetsboro, oh 800 2325569 greer, sc 800 2325569 brea, ca 800 2556975 mahwah, nj 800 5285801 chemistry description 304304l ugima is the next generation of improved high machinability grades from ugitech.
The higher carbon content may lead to sensitization with a concomitant loss of corrosion resistance in a corrosive environment. Tables of technical properties international stainless steel. The main difference between 304 vs 316 stainless steel is the composition and corrosion resistance, ss304 doesnt contain molybdenum while ss316 contains 23% molybdenum. Thus, ss316 is also known as moadded version of ss304. These values apply to austenitic and ferritic grades as core hardnesses and to martensitic types as surface hardnesses of the screws. There is no major difference except that the two grades are referred in japanese and american grades. Minimum room temperature mechanical properties, astm a240 and a666 specifications. Sus 304 austenite stainless steel is usually referred to as the japanese name for ss304 or aisi 304 stainless steel. Chemical and mechanical properties of grade 304l stainless steel are provided herein. Each alloy represents an excellent combination of corrosion resistance and fabricability. Testing the hardness of metals types and comparisons.
In the workhardened condition, type 301 develops higher tensile strength than the other stable austenitic grades. Standard product tolerance 7 3 stainless steels 8 product range. Stainless steel 304 is an austenitic grade that can be severely deep drawn. Similar but not identical mechanical properties are specified in en 10088. Care was taken to include as much information as possible about stainless steel flat products used throughout europe, for the informatio n of the user.
Some people although try to explain the difference in terms of mechanical properties. Typical uses include architectural moldings and trim, kitchen equipment, as well as chemical, textile, paper, pharmaceutical and chemical industry processing equipment. Chemical content identification factors and composition standards p. Handbook of comparative handbook world steel standards. Astm a193 scope this specification is heavily utilized in petroleum and chemical construction applications and covers alloy steel and stainless steel bolting materials for high temperature or highpressure service. Nov 05, 2015 friction welding properties of ss304 with 16mncr5 copy 1. Type 304l is the low carbon version of stainless steel 304. Pdf in order to utilize the hybrid structure and reduce the cost and weight of the. They worked many long hours, weekends, and holidays to researching hundreds of. Ss304 and ss316 are one of the important stainless steel austenite material grades which are defined in american standards. Nov 21, 2009 type 304l is a lower carbon variant of grade 304. Prediction and correlation of physical properties evan buck, m. In this article the significance of these different properties will be covered with a view to enabling a fuller and better appreciation of the vast amount of published data which is available.
This combination of properties is the reason for the extensive use of these alloys which represent nearly one half of the total u. Chemical and physical properties are in accordance with en 100881. The micro hardness profile of the joint across the weld region. Chemical composition of carbon steel sa 508 gr3 and.
This paper additionally manages process parameters of. Hardness values are typical industry standard there are no specified limits. Type 321 stainless steel offers higher creep and stress rupture properties than type 304 and, particularly, type 304l which might also be considered for exposures where sensitization and intergranular corrosion are concerns. The low carbon content reduces susceptibility to carbide precipitation during welding. What is the difference between ss304 and ss316 stainless. Fabrication operations and how the product is to be made is a. High strength, excellent corrosion resistance and excellent formability make. Stainless steel 304, ss 310s, ss 316 chemical composition.
It is the most versatile and most widely used stainless steel available, even though a wide range of alternatives are available. From a chemical or scientific standpoint the answer would be that 304 stainless steel contains 18% chromium and 8% nickel while 316 contains 16% chromium, 10% nickel and 2% moly. A sample of sus304 stainless steel from a japanese source was collected. The properties of materials are used in specific equations to predict the behaviour of a system. Mechanical properties minimum mechanical properties for annealed types 302, 304, 304l, and 305 austenitic stainless steel plate, sheet and strip as required by astm specifications a 240 and asme specification sa240 are shown below. Comparison of the mechanical properties of steel and. Uns astm carbon manganese phosphorous sulfur silicon chromium nickel nitrogen copper s20100 201 0. Ss 304 is an austenitic stainless steel with nonmagnetic properties in the annealed condition that offers good corrosion resistance to both chemical and atmospheric grade 304 stainless steel technical data. American iron and steel institute aisi as standard alloys. Ss 304 material properties stainless steel sheets suppliers. Types 304 and 304l stainless steels useful for many applications. Friction welding properties of ss304 with 16mncr5 copy.
Pdf study of mechanical properties on aa5052, ss304 and. Physical properties grades 301, 301l and 301ln typical values in the annealed. Functional products provide the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of stainless steel with lower cost than 2b and ba materials, because they are. Handbook of comparative world steel standards acknowledgements the author gratefully acknowledges the assistance of michael ling, p. Minimum room temperature mechanical properties, astm a240 and a666. Also commer cially available are proprietary stainless steels with special characteristics. The low carbon content restricts carbide precipitation during welding as well as minimizes its susceptibility to intergranular corrosion. Specified properties the properties for grade 301 are specified for flat rolled product plate, sheet and coil in astm a666. For severely corrosive environments or when welding is required, type 304l.
It is used in heavy gauge components for improved weldability. Their chemical composition, mechanical properties, weldability and corrosionoxidation resistance provide the best allround performance stainless steels at relatively low cost. Minimum properties for plate, sheet and strip per astm a240 and a666 follow. They depend on chemical composition, crystalline architecture, atomic and charge interactions, heat or mechanical treatments, etcand are affected by temperature change.
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